Putting this particular page together was one I knew that I had to do -
people need a reference for color genetics that is simplified.
I will try my absolute best to explain dna for coat colors/patterns in this segment.
I hope this helps those of you reading.
If you have any questions, feel free to reach out to me via our instagram or facebook.
people need a reference for color genetics that is simplified.
I will try my absolute best to explain dna for coat colors/patterns in this segment.
I hope this helps those of you reading.
If you have any questions, feel free to reach out to me via our instagram or facebook.
Color Genetics Explanation:
So what do all of these letters stand for?!
I'm going to try to explain this is as simple terms as i can for reading and writing purposes -
by no means is learning dna a simple thing though so dont stress it if you dont understand it right away.
On each color panel, you'll see a variety of 'slots' with letter combinations next to them.
Each 'slot' is called a Locus and the letters that follow it are called Alleles.
Each Locus represents a different color and together
these make up the color your dog ultimately is and what it can produce.
A capital allele is not a carrier and a lowercase is a carrier.
Almost all colors besides brindle require two copies of a color to be present to be visually that color.
There are some types of pied that are able to be produced with one copy as well such as Irish Pied.
Below is each letter you'll see on a coat color panel and what they stand for.
D locus is for blue (d = blue)
B locus for testable chocolate (b = testable chocolate)
E locus is for cream (e = cream)
Co is for cocoa (co = cocoa)
em for mask (em = 1 copy masked)
ky is fawn or black no brindle (ky = fawn)
kb is brindle (kb = brindle)
Kn is kbky (1 copy of brindle + one copy of fawn)
Ns is one copy of pied (s = pied)
NN no pied
m is for merle (m = merle)
at is for tan points (at = tan points)
ay is fawn/sable (ay = fawn)
a is solids or recessive black (a = solids)
with the 'a' allele, whatever is paired next to it will be duplicated -
if double a (a/a), you will get a solid colored dog, if a/at, you will get a tan point dog, if a/ay, you will get a fawn dog etc..
kbky also known as kn is a copy of each = visually brindle dog but able to produce fawn
kbkb is 2 copies brindle = visually brindle dog with no chance of producing fawn
Uppercase means no copy
Lowercase means a copy is there
One copy is a carrier
Two copies is a visual
(DISCLAIMER - brindle only needs one copy to be visual unlike the rest
which is why you may see some avoiding brindle dogs or carriers.
Merle, which is a coat pattern only requires one copy to be visual as well.)
Genetic Disorder Explanation:
Chondrodystrophy (CDDY and IVDD Risk) and Chondrodysplasia (CDPA):
Chondrodysplasia is a short-legged phenotype characteristic of many dog breeds.
Chondrodystrophy, a separate mutation, also includes a short-legged phenotype as well as susceptibility to intervertebral disc disease.
Canine Multifocal Retinopathy 1 (CMR1):Canine multifocal retinopathy 1 is an inherited eye disease characterized by areas of retinal detachment.
The disease does not typically lead to blindness or vision deficits.
Degenerative Myelopathy (DM):Degenerative myelopathy (DM) is an inherited neurologic disorder of dogs characterized by gradual muscle wasting and
loss of coordination typically beginning in the hind limbs.
*** PLEASE NOTE - DO YOUR RESEARCH ON DM - THERE ARE NO CONFIRMED CASES OF THIS DISORDER IN ANY FRENCH BULLDOG.***
I feel the need to write this due to many studs and dogs ive seen having one copy of
this disorder and people freaking out over something that is not known to even be an issue within this breed.
Not one case.
Hyperuricosuria (HUU):
Hyperuricosuria is an inherited disorder characterized by elevated levels of uric acid in the urine that can lead to the formation
of bladder/kidney stones.
Juvenile Hereditary Cataract (JHC):Juvenile hereditary cataracts are an inherited form of cataracts that commonly cause blindness in dogs by clouding the lens of
the eye and affecting both eyes symmetrically.
So what do all of these letters stand for?!
I'm going to try to explain this is as simple terms as i can for reading and writing purposes -
by no means is learning dna a simple thing though so dont stress it if you dont understand it right away.
On each color panel, you'll see a variety of 'slots' with letter combinations next to them.
Each 'slot' is called a Locus and the letters that follow it are called Alleles.
Each Locus represents a different color and together
these make up the color your dog ultimately is and what it can produce.
A capital allele is not a carrier and a lowercase is a carrier.
Almost all colors besides brindle require two copies of a color to be present to be visually that color.
There are some types of pied that are able to be produced with one copy as well such as Irish Pied.
Below is each letter you'll see on a coat color panel and what they stand for.
D locus is for blue (d = blue)
B locus for testable chocolate (b = testable chocolate)
E locus is for cream (e = cream)
Co is for cocoa (co = cocoa)
em for mask (em = 1 copy masked)
ky is fawn or black no brindle (ky = fawn)
kb is brindle (kb = brindle)
Kn is kbky (1 copy of brindle + one copy of fawn)
Ns is one copy of pied (s = pied)
NN no pied
m is for merle (m = merle)
at is for tan points (at = tan points)
ay is fawn/sable (ay = fawn)
a is solids or recessive black (a = solids)
with the 'a' allele, whatever is paired next to it will be duplicated -
if double a (a/a), you will get a solid colored dog, if a/at, you will get a tan point dog, if a/ay, you will get a fawn dog etc..
kbky also known as kn is a copy of each = visually brindle dog but able to produce fawn
kbkb is 2 copies brindle = visually brindle dog with no chance of producing fawn
Uppercase means no copy
Lowercase means a copy is there
One copy is a carrier
Two copies is a visual
(DISCLAIMER - brindle only needs one copy to be visual unlike the rest
which is why you may see some avoiding brindle dogs or carriers.
Merle, which is a coat pattern only requires one copy to be visual as well.)
Genetic Disorder Explanation:
Chondrodystrophy (CDDY and IVDD Risk) and Chondrodysplasia (CDPA):
Chondrodysplasia is a short-legged phenotype characteristic of many dog breeds.
Chondrodystrophy, a separate mutation, also includes a short-legged phenotype as well as susceptibility to intervertebral disc disease.
Canine Multifocal Retinopathy 1 (CMR1):Canine multifocal retinopathy 1 is an inherited eye disease characterized by areas of retinal detachment.
The disease does not typically lead to blindness or vision deficits.
Degenerative Myelopathy (DM):Degenerative myelopathy (DM) is an inherited neurologic disorder of dogs characterized by gradual muscle wasting and
loss of coordination typically beginning in the hind limbs.
*** PLEASE NOTE - DO YOUR RESEARCH ON DM - THERE ARE NO CONFIRMED CASES OF THIS DISORDER IN ANY FRENCH BULLDOG.***
I feel the need to write this due to many studs and dogs ive seen having one copy of
this disorder and people freaking out over something that is not known to even be an issue within this breed.
Not one case.
Hyperuricosuria (HUU):
Hyperuricosuria is an inherited disorder characterized by elevated levels of uric acid in the urine that can lead to the formation
of bladder/kidney stones.
Juvenile Hereditary Cataract (JHC):Juvenile hereditary cataracts are an inherited form of cataracts that commonly cause blindness in dogs by clouding the lens of
the eye and affecting both eyes symmetrically.
at the A locus, the dog is at/a meaning it is visually tan point since the 'a' allele will copy whatever its next to.
Two copies of at = visual tan point
at the D locus, the dog is d/d meaning it is two copies of blue so it is visually blue.
for Cocoa, the dog has two copies of co/co so it is also visually cocoa.
at the E locus, the dog is EM/e, one copy of masked and one copy of cream.
not visual cream.
Pulling that dna together, we have:
at/a d/d co/co Em/e = lilac and tan carrying cream and masked with a clear 4 panel health test.
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I HIGHLY suggest you download the 'Color My Frenchie' app on the google play store or apple store so that you can input dna to help you understand what colors put together will make and possible combinations if you are planning to breed. |